Sophie Hughes Counselling

Integrative Counselling in West Sussex and Online

Understanding Trauma and How it Lives in the Body

The word "trauma" is used a lot in our everyday conversations. We might use it to describe a difficult day at work, a stressful argument, or a difficult life event. Therefore, it can often feel hard to know what trauma actually means and recognise when our own minds and bodies are carrying it.

If you have ever felt like you are constantly on high alert, or completely disconnected and exhausted, you are not failing. Your body is doing exactly what it was designed to do: trying to keep you safe.

If you are searching for support and looking for a trauma-informed in Haywards Heath, West Sussex or online, understanding trauma can be a helpful first step.

What is Trauma?

Trauma is not just the event that happened to you; it is your mind and body's internal response to it.

When we experience something deeply stressful or threatening that completely overwhelms our capacity to cope, our normal processing system gets disrupted. The internationally recognised definition developed by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA, 2014) helps capture this:

"Trauma results from an event, series of events, or set of circumstances that is experienced by an individual as physically or emotionally harmful or threatening and that has lasting adverse effects on the individual’s functioning and physical, social, emotional, or spiritual well-being."

Because we are all unique, trauma can look and feel very different from person to person. As a trauma-informed integrative therapist, I recognise that your experience is unique. Therapeutically, we generally understand trauma in three main categories:

  • Acute Trauma: Stemming from a single, highly distressing event (such as a car accident, an assault, or a sudden loss).
  • Chronic Trauma: Resulting from repeated, prolonged exposure to high stress (such as ongoing domestic abuse, long-term bullying, or navigating a chronic medical illness).
  • Complex Trauma (C-PTSD): Arising from exposure to multiple traumatic events.

The Nervous System: Why Trauma Feels "Stuck"

To understand why the impact of trauma continue to affect us, we have to look at the brain and body. When we encounter a threat, the amygdala part of our brain gets activated. The amygdala floods our body with stress hormones adrenaline and cortisol. This is an automatic and survival response which steers us into one of four protective states:

  • Fight: Getting ready to face the threat head-on (anger, blood pumping, muscle tension).
  • Flight: Preparing to get away from the danger (anxiety, running away, restlessness).
  • Freeze: Becoming still to survive (feeling numb, dissociation, or unable to move).
  • Fawn: Pleasing or appeasing the threat to keep the peace and stay safe.

When the Alarm Stays On

Ideally, once the danger passes, our parasympathetic nervous system (our body's natural brake pedal) reactivates to help calm our mind and body, signalling the danger has passed and we are safe. However, when an event is too overwhelming, or if the threat is ongoing, your nervous system can get stuck in survival mode.

In his groundbreaking work, The Body Keeps the Score, psychiatrist and researcher Dr. Bessel van der Kolk  explains that trauma actually alters the biological wiring of the brain. The mind and body continue to react to everyday stressors as if the original danger is happening right now in the present moment.

"Trauma is not just an event that took place sometime in the past; it is also the imprint left on the mind, brain, and body by that experience."  (Dr. Bessel van der Kolk, 2014)

How Trauma Speaks Through the Body

Because trauma lives in our nervous system, it rarely just stays in our thoughts. It speaks to us through a variety of emotional, cognitive, and physical symptoms

Effect on the Mind Effect on the Body Effect on Behaviour
Intrusive thoughts or memories Unexplained aches and pains Social withdrawal or isolation
Brain fog or difficulty concentrating Chronic Fatigue Avoid people, places or situations
Feeling emotionally numb or disconnected Insomnia or sleep problems Self-medication
High anxiety or panic Muscle tightness or tension

How Trauma-Informed Therapy Can Help?

Healing from trauma is not about forcing yourself to "get over it." It is about slowly, safely, and relationally teaching your nervous system that the threat has passed and begin rebuilding the safety and trust to come back to the present.

As a trauma-informed therapist, I offer trauma therapy in Haywards Heath, West Sussex and online and together we can gently look at the weight you’ve been carrying.

  1. Rebuilding Foundational Safety

Trauma takes away your sense of choice and safety. In our sessions, you are entirely in the driver’s seat. We work at a gentle, relational pace that your nervous system can handle, ensuring you never feel pushed to share more than you are ready to.

  1. Nervous System Regulation

We will work together to find practical and emotional tools to help you when you might feel activated. By learning how to self-regulate, you can gently bring your nervous system back into balance, moving out of survival mode and back into the safety of the present day.

  1. Self-Compassion

Trauma often leaves a heavy residue of shame, guilt, and self-blame. By understanding why your body responded the way it did to protect you, we can begin to transform self-criticism into self-compassion. You didn't do anything wrong, it was your body simply trying to help you survive.

Take the First Step: Trauma Therapy in West Sussex & Online

If you recognise these patterns in your own life, please know that healing is possible, and you’re not alone.

If you feel ready to explore your story in a safe, confidential, and deeply compassionate space, I am here. I offer professional counselling both online across the UK and in-person in Haywards Heath (highly accessible for clients in Horsham, Crawley, and Worthing).

Please feel free to contact me to book a free, no-obligation 20-minute consultation. Let’s take the first step toward gentle healing together.

References & Further Reading

  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). (2014). SAMHSA’s Concept of Trauma and Guidance for a Trauma-Informed Approach. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 14-4884. Rockville, MD: SAMHSA.
  • Van der Kolk, B. A. (2014). The Body Keeps the Score: Brain, Mind, and Body in the Healing of Trauma. New York: Viking.

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